Ninh Binh is located on Red river delta with geographical co-orrdinate from 19050' to 20027' at Northern latitude and from 105032' to 106033' at Eastern longitude. Ninh Binh shares the administative border with Ha Nam in the North, Nam Dinh in the East, the East Sea in the Southeast, Thanh Hoa in the West and Southwest, and Hoa Binh in the Northwest.
Ninh Binh's terrain is split into three main areas: hills and mountains, semi- hills and mountains, delta, and coastal arrea and sea.
Ninh Binh is located in the transitional position of natural sysstems: Red river delta, Northwest mountain area in Hoa Binh - Thanh Hoa buffer zone and sea territory. On the other hand. Ninh Binh can be considered as a bridge linking Northern provinces with Southern ones and it is located on the trafic life-line including National Highway 1A and trans-Vietnam railway.
Ninh Binh is located close to the key economic areas of the North, including Hanoi, Hai Phong, Quang Ninh. Therefore, its development will form a new growth triangle of Hanoi - Hai Phong - Quang Ninh - Ninh Binh through National Highways 1A, 18, 10 and 2 important airports of Noi Bai and Cat Bi, sea Port and river Port systems meeting demand for passenger tranport with different means within the 100 km radius.
Ninh Binh is located in the tropics and monsoon area affected by coastal climate. Every year, Ninh Binh receives a big mount of solar radiation with high total radiation and radiation balance (equivalent to 110 - 120 Kcal/cm2/year and 87.2Kcal/cm2/year ), which creates a high temperature degree with the average temperature of 2307C and the total annual working heat at about 8,5000C. In winter, the temperature degree is low cold and dry weather. In summer, it is Southwest monsoon causing much rain. the major part of Ninh Binh is delta with few hills and mountains, so the climate is varied according to the territories.
with such rainfall, Ninh Binh' s river system is supported the plentiful rain- water forming relarively abundant current ( about 301/s/km2). The river density in Ninh Binh is at medium rate of around 0.6 - 0.9 km/km2. Most rivers flow in the Northwest - Southeast direction and into the sea through Day river mouth. In addition, Hoang Long River is an estuary of Day River and other rivers. In Ninh Binh, there are many lakes and lagoons namely Dam Cut and Dong Thai lake range with spectacular scenery, and Kenh Ga and Ky Phu spas.
Ninh Binh's hydrography has many advantages, creating the favourable conditions for development of agriculture with variety of crops and development of tourism and industry.
The total area of natural land in Ninh Binh is 143, 300 ha with various kinds of land including raised and un-raised alluvion land (in the coastal plain) favourable for raising aquatic products and growing industrial crops; the poor and aluminous alluvion land (in the hollow delta ) suitable for intensive cultivation of rice and farm produces; the peralitic land (in semi- hill and mountain areas) suitable for developing fruit - tree, industrial crops and medicinal plant.
Out of the total natural tand area, agricultural land accounts for the largest proportion of 66,900 hectares, making up 46.5% of the natural land area, forestry land 19,800 ha, accounting for 14%; specific-use land area 15,500ha, accounting for 11%; residential land area is 5,000ha, constituting and un-used land 36,000ha, at 24,5%.
Thus, in Ninh Binh, the land area used for agriculture (coastal area, semi-hill and mountain area and delta) makes up over 60% of natural land area creating condition for a diversified agriculture development. however, a big percentage of un-used land has to be imprroved and exploited in service of the economic activities....
Ninh Binh has many kinds of minerals with remarkable amount of limestone. Limestone mountains in the province account for an area of 1.2 ten thousand hectares with the reserve of tens of billions of cubic metres and tens and tens of millions of dolomit tones with high quality. This is a good material resource for producing constructional materials, especially cement and some chemical substances.
Besides, Ninh Binh also has clay resource scatteredly distributed in lower mountain area in Tam Diep town, Gia Vien and Yen Mo districts for producing brick and tiles and for founding industry as well.
The peat reserve is 2 million tonnes distributed in Gia Son, Son Ha (Nho Quan) for producing microbiological fertilizer.
Despite narrow land area with low population density, Ninh Binh has much tourism potentiality, of not only national but also internarional value. Tourism resources (both nature and humanity) are relatively diversified including lakes, forests, famous historical and cultural relics, etc. This is an important advantage to boost up the development of the tourism at higher speed in the coming time.
Ninh Binh's tourism natural resources concentrate in some main areas such as Hoa Lu, Tam Coc- Bich Dong, Cuc Phuong, Phat Diem...and the latest one is Trang An tourism cave resort... These are combined between natural resources and humanity resources, creating fàvourable condition for forming one (or several) big tourism resort attracting tourists and having high competitiveness with others. In the coming time, the National highway No.1A will be upgraded, to attract more tourists.
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